Niki cyihishe inyuma y’umugambi wa Amerika wo gupfobya Jenoside ?

Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika zikomeje kwisanga mu rugamba rwa yonyine rw’ibihugu byanze kuva ku izima, ku buryo nyuma y’imyaka 30 igikoresha imvugo zipfobya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi ibigambiriye, mu mugambi umaze igihe wo kwibasira ubuyobozi bw’u Rwanda no kubuca intege.

Ubutumwa bw’Umunyamabanga wa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ushinzwe Ububanyi n’Amahanga, Anthony Blinken, bujyanye no Kwibuka ku nshuro ya 30 Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, butandukanye n’ubw’abandi bayobozi bose bafashe u Rwanda mu mugongo.

Ubwo yari akangutse kuri iki Cyumweru, ahagana ku isaha ya Saa 09:38 [i Kigali hari Saa 15:38], Blinken yasimbukiye kuri X yandika ati “Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika zifatanyije n’abaturage b’u Rwanda muri iki gihe cyo Kwibuka30 inzirakarengane za Jenoside. Twunamiye ibihumbi byinshi by’Abatutsi, Abahutu n’Abatwa hamwe n’abandi babuze ubuzima bwabo muri iyi minsi y’ubugizi bwa nabi bw’agahomamunwa.”

Aya magambo ya Jenoside ari mu murongo mugari usanzwe wa Amerika, aho iki gihugu kimaze imyaka n’imyaka cyarinangiye cyanga gukoresha inyito iboneye ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi ndetse cyakoze ibishoboka byose kikajya cyitambika imyanzuro ijyanye n’iyo ngingo muri Loni.

Blinken yakoresheje aya magambo mu kumvikanisha ko muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, atari uko bahigwaga, ahubwo bishwe nk’uko n’abandi bantu bo mu yandi moko yavuze, baba barishwe.

Ibi ubwabyo bihabanye n’ukuri, kuko mu 1994, abahigwaga bari Abatutsi, kandi 93,7% nibo bishwe mu gihe cy’iminsi 100. Ijanisha risigaye, ni abandi batahigwaga [batari Abatutsi] bishwe bazizwa ibitekerezo byabo nk’uko byagaragaye mu Ibarura rya Minisiteri y’Ubutegetsi bw’Igihugu mu 2004 ari naryo ryaje kwemeza umubare nyakuri w’abishwe muri Jenoside, ko banganaga na 1.074.071.

Aya magambo ya Blinken agabanya uburemere n’ubukana bwa Jenoside, akoroshya uburyo yakozwemo ndetse akagoreka ukuri kuri jenoside agamije kuyobya rubanda.

Ni ibintu mu mategeko bifatwa nk’ibikorwa byo gupfobya no guhakana Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.

Si ubwa mbere Blinken akoresheje izi mvugo zipfobya kuko mu 2022, nabwo yari yavuze ko igihugu cye mu kwibuka Jenoside cyunamiye “abandi bishwe” kubera kudashyigikira ubutegetsi bw’abajenosideri.

Ubwo aheruka mu Rwanda, yabuze igisubizo gifatika atanga ubwo yari abajijwe impamvu Amerika yanze gukoresha imvugo iboneye ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.

Ati “Ku bijyanye no kwemera Jenoside n’amahano yakozwe, aho duhagaze harazwi […] Tuzakomeza gukorana muri Loni hagamijwe kugera ku nyito iyo ari yo yose iboneye y’amateka ari na ko dukora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo ayo mateka atazigera asubira.”

Izi mvugo z’abayobozi ba Amerika ntizitangaje kuko mu minsi ishize, Intumwa ya Amerika mu Muryango w’Abibumbye, Linda Thomas-Greenfield, yatanze ubutumwa bupfobya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, mu gihe we ubwe mbere y’uko ahabwa uyu mwanya, yavuze ko yari yiciwe mu Rwanda mu 1994 akekwaho kuba ari Umututsikazi.

Yigeze kuvuga ati “Nasatiriwe n’umusore muto wari wahawe amabwiriza yo kwica umugore witwa Agathe, yatekereje ko ari njye.”

Yakomeje agira ati “Igitangaje ntabwo nigeze ngira umutima uhagaze, ntimunyumve nabi nari mfite ubwoba, ariko sinigeze ngira umutima uhagaze. Narebye uwo musore muto mu maso mubaza izina rye, hanyuma mubwira iryanjye. Nashakaga ko amenya izina ryanjye, kuko nashakaga ko nanyica asigara azi izina ry’umuntu yishe.”

Ngo yatangiye kumwenyura byo kujijisha “inseko mama wanjye yari yaranyigishije, nkoresha imbaraga z’ubugwaneza n’impuhwe ndarokoka” gusa ngo uwo mugore bari bamwitiranyije na we yaje kwicwa. Ati “Byahinduye ubuzima bwanjye burundu”.

Nyuma yo kumenya ko atari Umunyarwandakazi, iyo Nterahamwe yaramuretse ntiyamwica.

Kuba uyu mugore wari mu Rwanda mu 1994 akibonera uburyo Abatutsi bicwaga ariwe utinyuka kugoreka imvugo akanga gukoresha inyito nyayo ya Jenoside, ni ikimenyetso nyacyo cy’ukwinangira kwa Amerika iyo bigeze ku kwemera amateka y’u Rwanda.

Ibyo Amerika ikora, ibikora ku Rwanda gusa, ntijya ibikorwa ku bindi bihugu byabayemo Jenoside.

Kenshi abahakanyi ba Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi n’abashaka kuyipfobya usanga bavuga ko hari ingabo zari zishinzwe kurinda amahoro, abanyamahanga n’Abahutu bishwe bityo ko ibyo bituma Jenoside ikwiye guhindurirwa inyito ikitwa ubwicanyi bwabereye mu Rwanda.

Aha baba birengagije ko Intambara ya Kabiri y’Isi ari nayo yiciwemo Abayahudi miliyoni esheshatu, muri rusange yaguyemo abantu miliyoni 75. Ni ukuvuga ko yiciwemo abantu miliyoni 69 batari Abayahudi.

Nubwo Abayahudi aribo bari bagenderewe mu mugambi w’Aba-Nazi wo kubarimbura, hari abandi bishwe ku mpamvu za Politiki n’iz’uruhu. Abo barimo ababana bahuje igitsina, abafite ubumuga, Aba-Roma bafite inkomoko mu Majyaruguru y’u Buhinde, abo mu bwoko bw’aba-Slaves, Abahamya ba Yehova n’abanyapolitiki batavugaga rumwe n’Aba-Nazi n’abandi bazize imyemerere yabo.

Gusa nubwo aba batari Abayahudi bishwe, ntabwo babarwa nk’abazize Jenoside yakorewe Abayahudi kuko yo ubwayo isobanurwa nk’ubwicanyi bwakorewe Abayahudi bukozwe n’Aba-Nazi bashakaga kubarimbura ngo babamareho.

Aha rero niho benshi bahera bibaza ukuntu igihugu nka Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika gikomeza gukoresha imvugo yo kuyobya uburari no gupfobya iyo bigeze kuri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda.

Igihe cyose Blinken yatanze ubutumwa bufata umugongo Israel mu kwibuka Jenoside yakorewe Abayahudi, nta na rimwe yigeze akomoza mu buryo butomoye kuri ayo matsinda ndetse n’amoko yandi yahigwaga, ahubwo yagiye avuga gusa abishwe bahigwaga. Ibi abikora mu rwego rwo guha icyubahiro Abayahudi bishwe muri Jenoside yabakorewe.

Urugero nko mu butumwa bwe bwo ku wa 17 Mata 2023, yavuze ko yigiye amasomo akomeye mu bwicanyi “bwakorewe miliyoni esheshatu z’Abayahudi” kandi ko amateka ajyanye n’iyo Jenoside azakomeza kwibukwa atyo.

Muri Nyakanga 2022, yasuye urwibutso rwa Yad Vashem ruherereye mu Mujyi wa Jerusalem, avuga ko we na Perezida Joe Biden bahacanye urumuri rutazima ndetse bakarushyiraho indabo, “mu kwibuka miliyoni esheshatu z’Abaturage b’Abayahudi bishwe muri Jenoside yakorewe Abayahudi”.

Iyo bigeze ku Rwanda, bimaze kugaragara kenshi ko Amerika yitwara mu buryo buteye kwibaza. Imyitwarire nk’iyi ni yo yatumye iki gihugu cyiruka gisaba ko Paul Rusesabagina washinjwaga ibyaha by’itwabwoba arekurwa.

Cyirengagije ibyaha yashinjwaga nawe ubwe yemeye bijyanye n’ibikorwa by’umutwe wa FLN yashinze, ugahitana ubuzima bw’inzirakarengane mu Rwanda, ahubwo gikomeza kubakira ku kinyoma kimaze igihe, kivuga ko hari ubutwari bwamuranze mu 1994, ko yarokoye Abatutsi kandi atari ukuri kuko abahorokeye bose atari ko bamubona, ahubwo bamwibukira cyane ku kuntu yabajujubyaga abishyuza za fagitire zo kuba muri iyo hoteli, nubwo amasasu n’imihoro byavuzaga ubuhuha muri Kigali. Kuri bo, afatwa nka rusahurira mu nduru.

Ubu butwari bufifitse, bwashingiwe kuri filimi yakinwe ku nkuru mpimbano itagaragaza ukuri kw’ibyabereye muri Hôtel des Milles Colline i Kigali mu 1994, aho Rusesabagina atazirwa ko yarokoye ibihumbi by’abatutsi.

Inkuru ya filimi Amerika yayihereyeho imuha umudali nta bushakashatsi bufatika bukozwe, n’igihe ukuri gutangiye kujya hanze, Amerika irinangira yanga kumva ubuhamya bw’abari muri iyo hotel burundu.

Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga w’u Rwanda, Dr Vincent Biruta, yigeze gusaba ibihugu bikigoreka amateka y’u Rwanda, ko aho kwigora byohereza ubutumwa butoneka abarokotse Jenoside, byajya bibwihorera.

Mu 2021 yanditse kuri X ati “ Ku bakigorwa no gukoresha inyito nyayo ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, bo ibyiza ni uko batakwigora batwoherereza ubutumwa uyu munsi. Ntacyo bidutwaye.”

Uwahoze ari Ambasaderi wa Amerika muri Loni, Kelly Craft, yigeze kuvuga ko igihugu cye kitishimiye uburyo ibiganiro byaganishije ku mwanzuro wo guhitamo inyito “Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda mu 1994” byakozwemo.

Icyo gihe, yavugaga ko igihugu kibona ko gukoresha iyo mvugo, igarukira gusa ku kuvuga jenoside “yakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda” ari ukwirengagiza uburemere n’ingaruka iyi jenoside yagize ku yandi matsinda y’abantu.

Imvugo ye isa n’iyivuguruza kuko ibyo bitajya bivugwa na gato iyo bigeze kuri Jenoside yakorewe Abayahudi kandi nayo yarahitanye abandi bantu b’ingeri zinyuranye.

Muri Mata 1994, abahigishwaga uruhindu bari Abatutsi gusa, hagamijwe kubarimbura, nta n’umwe usigaye. Abahutu cyangwa Abatwa baba barishwe, ntabwo bazize kuba bari Abahutu cyangwa se Abatwa, bazize ibitekerezo byabo byabaga biganisha ku kudashyigikira iyicwa ry’Abatutsi, cyangwa se bakazira ubugizi bwa nabi n’impanuka, nko kuba umuntu yakandagira kuri mine ikamuturikana n’ibindi. Umugambi wari uhari wari uwo kurimbura Abatutsi.

Usesenguye impamvu Amerika yahisemo gufata umurongo wo gupfobya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, wabibonera mu mateka y’uburyo iki gihugu cyitwaye ubwo mu Rwanda Abatutsi bicwaga bunyamaswa.

Ku Banyamerika bamwe, ibyabaga mu Rwanda byari “ubunyamaswa bw’Abanyafurika bakunda kwicana”, ku buryo batigeze bita ku biri kuba icyo gihe muri 1994, yewe kugera no ku wari Umukuru w’Igihugu icyo gihe.

Ku wa 15 Werurwe 1998 ubwo Bill Clinton yageraga mu Rwanda bwa mbere, yahuriye ku Kibuga cy’Indege n’itsinda ririmo abarokotse Jenoside. Icyo gihe yumvise ubuhamya bwabo, biramurenga cyane ko hari hashize imyaka ine gusa Jenoside ihagaritswe, kuri benshi ibikomere bikiri bibisi.

Uyu mugabo yafashe ijambo, ababwira ko yicuza kuba ntacyo yakoze no kuba ntacyo umuryango mpuzamahanga wakoze mu guhagarika Jenoside.

Icyo gisebo kiracyahari kuri benshi kugeza ubu.

Politiki ya Amerika ijyanye n’uburyo iki gihugu cyitwaye muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, wayisesengura mu ngingo myinshi. Nyuma gato ya Jenoside muri Nyakanga 1994, ubutegetsi bwa Clinton bwohereje mu yahoze ari Zaire, ingabo n’abakozi bo kwita ku mpunzi zari zizahajwe na kolera mu nkambi. Bagiyeyo bitwaje ibiribwa, ibikoresho birimo nk’ibyo kwifubika, amahema n’ibindi.

Abayobozi bakomeye muri Leta ya Clinton basuye izo nkambi, ndetse ubutabazi kuri izo mpunzi bwari ku ngingo y’ibanze muri White House, Pentagon no mu zindi nzego zikomeye za Amerika.

Iyi gahunda yo kwita ku mpunzi, ibusanya mu buryo bugaragara n’icyari gikwiriye gukorwa ubwo Abatutsi bari batangiye kwicwa umusubirizo. Guhera mu myaka ya 1993, Amerika yarabibonaga ko hari umwuka mubi mu gihugu, ko Abatutsi bakomeje kumeneshwa ndetse byari mu byaganirwagaho mu biganiro bya Arusha kandi yari ibizi.

Leta ya Clinton yakunze kwemera ko abafata ibyemezo bose, birengagije ibyaberaga mu Rwanda. Amerika yananiwe gushyira mu bikorwa amahame mpuzamahanga yo mu 1948 yo kurwanya no guhana icyaha cya Jenoside, kandi yarabonaga ko Abatutsi bakomeje kumeneshwa.

Inyandiko z’ibanga zigeze gushyirwa hanze, zigaragaza ko mu minsi 16 Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi itangiye, abayobozi bamwe bo muri White House bavugaga ko ibibera mu Rwanda ari “Jenoside” ariko bakanga kubivuga mu ruhame kuko bari barabwiwe ko Perezida ntacyo ashaka kubikoraho.

Raporo z’ubutasi za Amerika zari zaramenyesheje abagize guverinoma y’iki gihugu na Perezida ubwe, ko umugambi uri mu Rwanda ari “umwanzuro wo gutsemba Abatutsi bose” kandi ko biri gushyirwa mu bikorwa nyuma y’igihe bitegurwa.

Inyandiko zashyizwe hanze n’Ibiro bishinzwe Umutekano muri Amerika, zigaragaza ko Clinton ndetse na Visi Perezida we, Al Gore, bahabwaga na CIA amakuru ya buri munsi agaragaza ubwicanyi buri gukorerwa Abatutsi.

Amagambo ya Blinken mu gihe cyo kwibuka jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi asa no gukina ku mubyimba abayirokotse. Ku mbuga nkoranyambaga hari benshi bagaragarije Blinken ko amagambo ye ateye ishozi, bimwe birutwa n’uko yamugumamo, nk’uko byigeze no kugarukwaho na Minisitiri Biruta.